Genetic diversity of the tibetan antelope pantholops. The giant panda is so endangered that the world wildlife fund wwf chose to use a. Data on the distribution and population size of the near threatened tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii are necessary to protect this species. Complete genome sequence of mycoplasma capricolum subsp. Background the tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii, or chiru, is an endangered antelope, distributed in china xinjiang, xizang, qinghai, zhuolaihu lake breeding habitat, and india aksai.
All of the worlds shahtoosh is woven in india kashmir and initially exported from india. The tibetan antelope or chiru pantholops hodgsonii is endemic to the tibetan plateau of china and is considered a keystone species for the plateau ecosystem. Qinghua, measures to protect the tibetan antelope under the cites framework. The tibetan antelope the tibetan antelope, or chiru in tibetan pantholops hodgsonii, is an unusual, almost unbelievable animal. As the national first class protected wild animals in china, their survival and sustainability received extensive concern. A list of african antelope species with awesome facts and photos.
In the past decades, conservation attitudes and legislation for wildlife conservation have developed rapidly in china. The tibetan antelope is categorized as endangered in the 2003 iucn red list of threatened species and is listed under appendix i of cites. Pantholops hodgsonii abel, 1826 is a bovid commonly called the chiru or tibetan antelope. Tibetan antelope, also known as chiru is a medium sized antelope most closely related to wild goats and sheep of the subfamily caprinae. A list of african antelope species with awesome facts and. Fish and wildlife service service, announce the 90day finding that a petition to list the tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii as endangered throughout its range has presented substantial information indicating that the action may be warranted. Measures to protect the tibetan antelope under the cites framework. Tibetan antelope chiru pantholops hogdsonii, a critically endangered mammal, is primarily restricted to the. Shahtoosh also written shahtush, a persian word meaning king of fine wools is a fine type of wool made from the hair of the tibetan antelope. However, if life history traits that promote gene flow buffer populations from such impacts, conservation efforts should aim to maintain those traits in vulnerable species. Endangered antelope with fur more valuable than gold on its way to recovery. The shahtoosh shawl is now a banned item with possession and sale being illegal in most countries for the chiru is an endangered species under cites.
The tibetan antelope is listed as endangered by the iucn. As it is distributed to other countries to be resold, you may encounter it. Endangered marine mammals freshwater river dolphin south asian river dolphin because of the sound it produces. This book contains description of mammals found in tibet, whose existence on this planet is threatened or who are on the verge of extinct ion, as observed under the relevant international conventions and chinese laws. Tibetan antelope, tibetan wild donkey and wild yak are protected endangered wild animals in china, the endangered ungulates in the qinghaitibetan plateau. Genetic resilience of a once endangered species, tibetan. Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in endangered tibetan. Kashmir bans shahtoosh product to protect endangered. Pdf on dec 1, 20, zhijun yu and others published contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in endangered tibetan antelope, china, 2012 find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Fish and wildlife service service, announce the 12month finding that a petition to list the tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii as endangered throughout its range pursuant to the endangered species act of 1973, as amended act, or esa, is warranted. Duszynski, yahui zhu, guozhen shang, chu hou, tongzuo zhang, and jianghui bian 2020 prevalence and parasite composition of gastrointestinal parasites in the endangered tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii from the calving ground of hoh xil nature world heritage site, qinghai, china. Dont get fooled by the local salesman who may tell you that the wool is gathered by collecting tufts of chiru hair that got caught on bushes when the animal is grazing its quite the opposite.
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in endangered tibetan antelope, china technical appendix technical appendix table 1. The tibetan antelope lives almost exclusively on the tibetan plateau in tibet china. Estimating the population size of migrating tibetan. The environment and development desk is releasing an updated version of the book the endangered mammals of tibet. Antelopes account for over twothirds of the approximately 5 species of hollowhorned ruminants cud chewers in the family bovidae, which also includes cattle, sheep, and. Kashmir bans shahtoosh product to protect endangered tibetan antelope. Pdf since the middle of the 20th century, the tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii has been poached for.
Population of tibetan antelope nearly doubled in northern tibet. The himalayan region of china, with its rich biodiversity, used to be important for hunting and collecting of medicinal plants. The shawl that you have picked up is commonly known as shahtoosh and is made from the wool of the chiru, the endangered tibetan antelope. Pdf background the tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii, or chiru, is an endangered antelope, distributed in china xinjiang, xizang. The tibetan antelope, as the national firstgrade attentive protected species, is mainly distributed over the qinghaitibet plateau tibet, qinghai, gansu and xinjiang, and is also listed in the u. The tibetan antelope is under second class protection in china, is legally protected in nepal, and is included in schedule ii, part i of the indian wild life protection act of 1972. This is a guide to one of the most widespread fauna of africa, the african antelope.
Pantholops hodgsonii is a bovid commonly called the chiru or tibetan antelope. In 2000, the international union of conservation of nature first listed the tibetan antelope as an endangered species, and in 2004. It is also a metonym for a type of kashmir shawl traditionally made of shahtoosh wool. The population of endangered tibetan antelopes has nearly doubled in the changtang state nature reserve of nagqu prefecture in the north of tibet autonomous region tar thanks to the intensified preservation efforts over the past ten years, according. The tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii, otherwise known as chiru is one of the worlds most endangered species. Tibetan antelope traditional hunting, its relation to. Federal register endangered and threatened wildlife and.
Population of tibetan antelope nearly doubled in northern. However, the snow leopard also hunts antelope, deer, wolves, and smaller. The unique and beautiful tibetan antelope, or chiru, is in imminent danger of extinction from illegal hunting. Large herds of chirus were once observed ranging from the western to eastern tibetan plateau, with numbers approximating 1 million estimated early in the last century wang et al. Tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii has experienced population reduction. A report on enforcement, welcomed by many parties, highlighted illegal trade in pangolins. Being one of the hardiest animals of the world it occupies alleviations ranging. In 2000, the international union of conservation of nature first listed the tibetan antelope as an endangered species, and in 2004, the number of these antelope was estimated at 150,000. Histopathologic observations and pathogen testing of dead tibetan antelopes evaluated during an outbreak of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia, china, 2012 sample locality gps position sex, age, y histopathologic changes. Most tibetan antelope live on chinas qinghaitibet plateau at an altitude of 3,7005,500 m 3. It is listed as endangered animal by the world conservation union iucn6 and given local protection by china under its wildlife protection law which prohibits hunting and trade14. Endangered species handbook animal welfare institute.
Over the years, the population of the tibetan antelope has drastically declined. Population reduction is generally assumed to reduce the populations genetic diversity and hence its ability to adapt to environmental change. It was shown that ccpp posed a great threat to the survival of endangered tibetan antelope. They live on the treeless steppe above 5,000 metres 16,000 ft. Groundbased count surveys are usually carried out from a long distance to avoid disturbing the sensitive animals, and on calving grounds or along migration routes where they are seasonally concentrated. On the western tibetan plateau the endangered tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsoni 1 has traditionally been hunted for subsistence purpo ses.
The tibetan antelope is the only genus of large endemic mammals of the tibetan plateau located both in china and india leslie and schaller 2008 and endures one of the harshest environments on earth, where extreme temperatures can fall as low as. Final rule to list the tibetan antelope as endangered throughout its range. Interpretation and implementation of the convention. On tibetan antelope, the secretariat stated that since the document had been prepared, several large seizures of products made from the wool of the tibetan antelope shahtoosh had been reported, indicating significant illegal trade. The tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii, or chiru, is an endangered. The international fund for animal welfare ifaw, which has been conducting a campaign to save the tibetan antelope, said the jammu and kashmir state legislature assembly passed an act which places the tibetan antelope or chiru panthelops hodgsonii in schedule i of the. Pdf genetic diversity of the tibetan antelope pantholops. Us endangered final rule to list the tibetan antelope. The list is updated by zoological survey of india zsi from time to time as per the international union for conservation of nature iucn, 1996. The endangered mammals of tibet central tibetan administration. Antelope, any of numerous old world grazing and browsing hoofed mammals belonging to the family bovidae order artiodactyla. Iucn red list india as of march 2019 the list contains critically endangered, endangered and vulnerable species.
Chang tang, china, chiru, endangered species, nomadic pastoralist. Endangered antelope with fur more valuable than gold on. Evolutionary history and current population relationships. We report a 2012 outbreak of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in endangered tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii in china. Pdf on dec 1, 20, zhijun yu and others published contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in endangered tibetan antelope, china, 2012 find, read and cite all.
A new traffic report fashion statement spells death for tibetan antelope explains the link between the mass killing of an endangered species on the tibetan plateau with the shawls that some celebrities use to drape over ball gowns added stuart chapman. Tibetan antelope tibet nature environmental conservation. Illegal wildlife trade in the himalayan region of china. Over the years, the population of the tibetan antelope has drastically declined from more than. Poachers nearly wiped this species out for its valuable fur, used to make luxurious shawls called shahtoosh. An endangered species of antelope, pantholops hodgsonii, endemic to areas of the tibetan plateau. This document has been prepared by the secretariat. Increasing numbers of species are listed in the state protection list and local protection lists.
Convention on international trade in endangered species of wild fauna and flora. Habitats evaluation and protection analysis of endangered. The long straight horns of the adult males and the behavior of the herds. Tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii conservation and new. Red list, and the wild ass is listed as vulnerable vu. Tibetan antelope are native to northwest india and tibet. Also called a chiru, it is considered an endangered species, and the importation of any part or product of pantholops is prohibited by u. But within china, one of the most iconic conservation battles has been the fight to save the tibetan antelope, which in the 1980s and 90s was threatened by.
Although several hunting techniques are 114 used, a common one that leaves evidence on the landscape is the use of earth or stone. This species inhabits highelevation alpine and desert steppe with flat to rolling terrain in the tibetan plateau and only recently has been studied in any detail. The tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii, or chiru, is an endangered antelope, distributed in china xinjiang, xizang, qinghai, zhuolaihu lake breeding habitat, and india aksai chin and ladakh. Tibetan antelope simple english wikipedia, the free. Tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii conservation and new rangeland management policies in the western chang tang nature reserve, tibet. Conservation and monitoring of tibetan antelopes in hoh. Qinghai, tibet, tibetan antelope, ungulate, xinjiang. There is a global demand for the species prized wool, which is used in weaving shahtoosh shawls. Measures to protect the tibetan antelope under the cites.
L060107 monitoring and conservation of tibetan antelopes and. Outside the tibetan plateau in china chiru is found only at these two sites within indian limits. Know about the different species of these herbivores, and have a sneak peek into their existence in the wildness of africa. Duszynski, yahui zhu, guozhen shang, chu hou, tongzuo zhang, and jianghui bian 2020 prevalence and parasite composition of gastrointestinal parasites in the endangered tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii from the calving ground of hoh xil nature world heritage site, qinghai. We evaluate the habitat suitability in the alpine desert ecosystem. Genetic diversity of the tibetan antelope pantholops hodgsonii. Chiru originate in the high himalaya mountains of tibet, western china, and far northern india where they are killed for their parts.
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